In Class We Have Spent A Lot Of Time Learning And Discussing

In class we have spent a lot of time learning and discussing Martin Luther’s life and the important role that he played in the protestant reformation. Martin Luther was someone who saw many issues throughout the Catholic Church. Martin Luther was a monk and scholar who was in Wittenburg. In 1517 Luther penned the 95 theses to the door of a catholic church this document attacked the Catholic Church’s corrupt practice of selling â€Å"indulgences† to absolve sin. He felt that religion should be more personal and that the bible should be translated into everyday language. His â€Å"95 Theses,† which had two central beliefs—that the Bible is the main religious authority and that humans should only be able to receive salvation by faith and not by their†¦show more content†¦Luther makes the decision to leave the monastery to study theology back in Wittenberg, the invention of the printing press which made it easier to for his words to circulate t hroughout Europe. This made the Catholic officials which became dangerous to cause a divide in the church. In the movie I feel that they were able to give a good outline of the life of Luther and what he did throughout the years.The film focuses on the selling of indulgences, the Ninety-Five Theses nailed to the door of Wittenberg Church, the Diet of Worms (a council presided over by Emperor Charles V), and also the Confession of Augsburg. The information that is presented throughout the movie is factually represented because these events have all been proven in the primary sources that we have read throughout class this semester. They did a good job being very descriptive and highlighting every detail as far as the most popular events that occurred throughout Luther’s life. I could follow the movie and read the history from the sources and they match up very accurately. There were very accurate with the most popular parts of Luther’s life, they were able to show us v isuals of how things were and his ability to make a change in history. While making the comparison I would have to disagree with when comparing the movie and the primary sources would have to be the chronological order that the movie has. When I read throughout the historical notes and then compareShow MoreRelatedThe Habits Of Being Proactive860 Words   |  4 Pagesfull of learning, not just about the subject at hand, but myself. One applicable thing that we went over in class was about good habits. One of the habits that I have been working on this past semester is Win-Win. Sean Covey described this as â€Å"The all you can eat buffet† (pg. 153) I try to think of the positive aspects of different situations, and try to help others achieve their â€Å"win†. 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The content inRead MoreMy First Day Of Class Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagesacademic career I have always struggled with writing whether it is for the English class or any other liberal arts class. In my English classes, I have a tendency to deviate from the given task. This semester I took a FIQWS Composition class which helped me explore the unexplored areas of my academic writing. There were three main essays (literacy narrative, exploratory essay and critical researched analysis) and each improved my writing tremendously. On the first day of class, I was surprised toRead MoreReflection About Education In China1077 Words   |  5 PagesWe get education everyday. It can not seen or touched. But education obviously has a huge impact on our individual, society, nation, and all aspects of our lives. I am a student from China. I think the understanding of education is very different under different cultures. 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Hidden Sexual Messages Found In Disney Movies Free Essays

string(35) " an erection in the wedding scene\." Hidden Sexual Messages Found In Disney Movies Group Name: LUCKY # 13 Group Leader: Jami Rosier Editors: Zack Sams Steve Raszka Proofreaders: Sara Roberts, Haley Rinas, Brittani Saab Designers: Mike Porowski, Jami Rosier, Brett Pilkington Writers: Brett Pilkington, Mike Porowski, Steve Raszka, Haley Rinas, Jami Rosier, Zack Sams Introduction By: Jami Rosier With competitors such as DreamWorks, and Pixar, Disney Incorporated uses a vividly apparent strategy of sex appeal in order to raise their ratings.However, Disney is pushing the envelope and is willing to subject the innocent public to such images for higher ratings. The industry that we are talking about is the movie industry. We will write a custom essay sample on Hidden Sexual Messages Found In Disney Movies or any similar topic only for you Order Now The majority of viewers are comprised of young innocent children, thus the misconception that all Disney movies are innocent. Therefore, as sex sells in the entertainment industry, so do the numerous Disney movies. Although Disney is portrayed as a construction of culture and joy for children, the hidden signs and messages shown in popular Disney movies may change the attitudes some viewers will have.Considerably so, in more recent times, viewers of Disney Films are reading into the context of the films, and are taking away alternate ideas than what Disney originally intended (Associated Press, 1999). By using â€Å"hidden† messages in their movies, Disney is portraying to society the notion that sex sells. According to Studio History at Disney. com, Disney has been up and running strong for over 75 years, and does not seem to be slowing down anytime soon (Studio History, 1998). Therefore, with the help of Disney Movie Productions, sex sells at an even more disturbing rate. Throughout the remainder of the paper we are going to discuss the numerous ways in which sex is directly related to Disney, and what can be said about the future of Disney Movies. Disney continues to corrupt the youth of children and influence the minds of teenagers by releasing questionable movies onto the sales racks, one after the other. Just to name a few movies that have been released with sexual innuendos or comments are; Aladdin, The Lion King, The Little Mermaid, and The Rescuers. Numerous accusations and attestable information about all of these movies have been mentioned in the news, in magazines, and on the Internet.By reviewing these sources we found the credibility of each allegation that proves to be true. 2 Aladdin and the Naked Truth: By: Haley Rinas In the identification of the hidden messages in Disney movies, we will begin with Aladdin. In the scene where Aladdin and Jasmine are to take a magic carpet ride, Aladdin calls on Jasmine to come with him, and continues t o speak under his breath â€Å"teenagers take off your clothes† (DeMarco, 2000). What is actually going on with the soundtrack at this point in the film is difficult to determine. Disney claims that the script calls for Aladdin to say, â€Å"C’mon . . good kitty. Take off and go,† while the closed captioning has him uttering, â€Å"Good kitty. Take off† (DeMarco, 2000). This is a prime example of a verbal hidden message. This type of hidden message is in most cases unavoidable because it is verbal; if the viewer is paying close attention, the message can be heard. Not only is the message offensive but very disengaging as well. Encouragement of this action to children or teenagers alike is very severe. The original rumor â€Å"take off your clothes† started soon after Aladdin was released on home video in 1993 (DeMarco, 2000).A garbled and whispered portion of dialogue that could barely be heard in the theater was being replayed over and over in millions of homes but was difficult to distinguish. Soon after, someone came up with a salacious phrase that sounded somewhat like the original portions of dialogue, and the power of suggestion took over. People began to hear what they were being told they should hear. 3 The Lion King Uncensored By: Brett Pilkington and Steve Raszka The next mentionable movie is The Lion King, in this specific movie there are a couple different aspects in which hidden sexual messages can be found.The segment in question in occurs about midway through the movie when Simba, the hero, plops down and a cloud of dust rises above him. As the dust begins to trail off, it forms the letters S-E-X, with each letter fading as the next becomes clear (Mikkelson, 1996). In this next part, Simba is talking to his father in the night sky where stars can be seen. Upon connecting these stars, a penis is formed (Mikkelson, 1996). These messages can be identified as indirect hidden messages, which mean the viewer was not directly intended to see the message, unless possibly looking for such material.The hidden sexual messages are examples of how the creators of these movies know that sex in movies boosts the sales. This is a terrible thing for movie executives to do, especially Disney, where the majority of the audience is young children who do not need to see these disturbing gestures. The anti-abortion group, based in Stafford, Va. , wants the Walt Disney Co. to remove The Lion King from video stores (Giroux, 2000). One video store clerk was alerted of the appearance of the word, by a woman who said her 4-year-old son noticed it (Mikkelson, 1996).Michael Rhoades, who commented for Disney stated the scene simply shows â€Å"swirling dust in the night sky, seeing anything in The Lion King other than a good wholesome family film is purely perception,† he said (Studio History, 1998 ). 4 The Little Mermaid By: Sara Roberts The Little Mermaid also makes the list for including hidden sexual messages. Not only were these derogatory images found in the movie, but on the promotional posters, and the original movie cover as well. Of these images, one includes a phallus-shaped tower in the castle on the promotional posters for the movie.The artist has claimed that this was the result of rushed background detailing (Copeland, D, 2003). Another image is that of the bishop having an erection in the wedding scene. You read "Hidden Sexual Messages Found In Disney Movies" in category "Papers" The bishop is dressed in a white tunic and white tights, and in some scenes it is difficult to differentiate between the tights and the tunic. The mysterious bulge is actually the bishop’s knee, but the resemblance of an erection is still there (Lav, 2002). There are also other derogatory images featured on promotional posters, but they are supposedly so distasteful that every source failed to mention them (Copeland, J, 1996). 5 The Rescuers By: Mike PorowskiIn January of 1999, Disney announced a recall of the home video version of their 1977 animated feature The Rescuers because it contained a â€Å"questionable background image† (LA Daily News, 1999). Just at the start of the film, as rodent heroes Bianca and Bernard fly through the city in a sardine box strapped to the back of Orville, proprietor of Albatross Air Charter Service, the photographic image of a topless woman can be seen at the window of a building in the background in two different (non-consecutive) frames: first in the bottom left corner, then at the top center portion of the frame (Davies, 2).Unlike most rumors of risque word-images hidden in Disney’s animated films, this one is clearly true, and the images in question were undeniably inserted into the movie on purpose (Solomon, 1988). The two â€Å"topless woman† frames have reputedly been present in the film ever since its original 1977 theatrical release (a fact a pparently confirmed by Disney, whose spokesperson said that the tampering â€Å"was done more than 20 years ago†), although Disney claims that they were not included in the 1992 home video version because â€Å"it was made from a different print† (Studio History, 1998).Disney also claimed that the images were not placed in the film by any of their animators, but were inserted during the post-production process. The company decided to recall 3. 4 million copies of the video â€Å"to keep our promise to families that we can trust and rely on the Disney brand to provide the finest in family entertainment† (Studio History, 1998). Disney’s announcement of this recall might be considered a bit curious. Unlike previous rumors over â€Å"hidden† items in Disney’s animated films, this one was not widespread until Disney itself made a public statement about it (Business Wire, 1999).As well as the other Disney Movies in question, the Rescuers frames are not noticeable during a normal viewing of the film, one has to know they’re there and freeze-frame the video to view them (Howell, 1999). 6 All that Controversy: By: Zach Sams Many of these Disney movies have not only received comments by the public, but backlash as well. According to E! Magazine, in September of 1996, three Texans filed a lawsuit against Disney and accused them of placing subliminal sexual messages in the cartoon movies, The Little Mermaid, Aladdin, and The Lion King (Copeland, J, 1996).Disney will not comment on the pending lawsuit, but denies placing sexual hidden messages in their movies (Copeland, J, 1996). With thes e allegations under their belt, Disney had to deal with the defamation and focus concerns about the future productions and of their company. After the reportedly fired the responsible for the obscene filed against Disney and an Arkansas women, Janet case was through, Disney engineers writers images. Another lawsuit, Buena Vista Home fromGilmer, claimed that Disney never stated that there were hidden messages in The Little Mermaid, and The Lion King, which made it unsuitable for children to watch (Mikkelson, 1996). Disney was found not guilty and the case was inevitably dropped. What was interesting about the company reportedly firing these individuals for their actions is that by doing this, the company directly expressed guilt for producing and showing such discriminating scenes in their films. Another thing that is very interesting is, besides the Rescuers, Disney didn’t recall any of those other videos, so why this one?Is it because they knew how quickly the story would spread via the Internet, or because this occurrence was as undeniable case of tampering rather than misinterpretation? Who knows, though the cy nical among us might ponder that one of the best ways to boost sales of a slow-selling video would be to announce its recall due to the presence of some â€Å"objectionable images. † 7 Does Sex Sell? By: Brittani Saab Now, in going back to the idea that sex sells, it is quite interesting to discover how and why some of the scenes in these movies were ever discovered at all.This is an apparent gesture of someone looking to misrepresent the Disney Company, and make consumers question the actuality of these accusations. It is highly evident that the common viewer does not analyze movies for content and hidden messages, though there are people that do this sort of thing for fun or possibly even for a living. Another idea to mention is this; the viewers that do find it necessary to look for these types of messages are going to claim they saw something just to bring attention to the movie. Who knows, maybe even Disney puts these hidden messages in their movies in hopes that someone does find them.It could definitely increase their sales, and the sales of these movies to inquisitive minds would surpass the backlash on the movies. The fact of the matter still stands that sex does sell, any way that we look at it. When the film Roger Rabbit came out, and included a scene of Jessica Rabbit flashing that she was not wearing any knickers under her skirt, the video sold out in many stores (Copeland, J, 1996). This incident also occurred with the sales and advertising of the first production videos and poster s for the Little Mermaid (Copeland, J, 1996). People live for this type of scrutiny towards a company that is as successful as Disney. Once they know that it’s out there, it’s just a matter of time before consumers purchase it and seek out to find similar things. Jack Solomon agrees that such ads reflect a desire for reality and when reality is put out in the marketplace, weariness with illusions and â€Å"reality effects† are created (Solomon, 1988). This does not relate only to Disney movies, but to any movie that markets a hidden message of sex or sexual comments.However, it’s disheartening that a company of such magnitude would deign so low as to insert sex into their child-targeted productions. This just proves that by continuing to market these movies, Disney believes that what they are doing is okay. 8 Conclusion By: Jami Rosier As subliminal or hidden messages can be defined as, â€Å"below the threshold of conscious perception† by the American Heritage College Dictionary (AHCD 2000), i t is easily understood that some claim subliminal or hidden messages are only figments of the imagination. Obviously this tactic seems to be working, though with the increase in sales also comes the increase of controversy. In the end, what is most appalling is that with all the ideologies that surround Disney, how could they let something of this magnitude happen, time and time again? Disney has always been a wholesome, family oriented company. The perception that many consumers have of the company is still the same, though some are stunned and taken back. However, in today’s society we know that there are always going to be questionable people doing voice tracks, and animation to incriminate the company.Although a company of this size and popularity should be able to filter out the bad and protect children and adults from seeing these images, they have failed to do so. Henry Giroux agrees, â€Å"Disney’s image as an icon of American culture is consistently reinforced through penetration of the Disney Empire into every aspect of social life. † Giroux later comments t hat Disney should be more aware of what they are putting out on the big screen (Giroux, 2000). However, many consumers tend to reject any link between hidden messages and sexual content in Disney Movies.Many play these messages off as human error, and wrongful perception. Whatever the case, it is often difficult to choose sides in whether Disney intended these images to be in their films or if it is just a factor of human error. Either standpoint would require extensive research to be provable. Despite all of this, it is important for the consumers to make their own judgments. Whichever side is chosen, a great deal of information is available for supporting factors. With this being said, it is obvious that the future of Disney and the production of movies will be left in the hands of the company itself. How to cite Hidden Sexual Messages Found In Disney Movies, Papers

Heroine Essay Research Paper For most of free essay sample

Heroine Essay, Research Paper For most of us, the word Heroin evokes the thought of something immoralities, something with a life of its ain, a huntsman of souls set on destructing lives. We believe that diacetylmorphine # 8220 ; hooks # 8221 ; those who try it, destining them to destroy and even decease, omnipresent in their lives, omnipowerful. After all, it # 8217 ; s a # 8220 ; monkey on their dorsums, # 8221 ; and a malevolent monkey at that. Those who try diacetylmorphines have no pick # 8211 ; they become addicted, drug addicts for life, or so we believe. Like anything said frequently adequate, heroin stereotypes become accepted as truisms, which isn # 8217 ; t ever the instance. Heroin stereotypes serve society in that they warn us of danger, and diacetylmorphine is a really unsafe drug. In malice of this warning, nevertheless, heroin stereotypes fail society when the danger signals becomes transformed. One consequence of this transmutation is that we begin to anthropomorphise diacetylmorphine. A metabolism takes topographic point. We will write a custom essay sample on Heroine Essay Research Paper For most of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Heroin takes on a cryptic life of its ain, depriving people # 8217 ; s will from them and finding them to a life of dependence, agony, and eventual decease. We begin to believe of diacetylmorphine as some kind of entity. I was earnestly interested in understanding the attractive force to this drug, an attractive force powerful plenty ( harmonizing to The Household Survey On Drug Abuse and The Statistical Analysis of the United States ) that in 1996 2.4 million people had used diacetylmorphine at some point in their lives and 265,000 people were addicted. Intelligibly, the anthropomorphous confusion and stereotyped inaccuracy deadening the topic of diacetylmorphine did non fulfill my involvement. I was under the feeling, from the stereotypes on diacetylmorphine, that the first feeling was so fantastic, that the single seeking it couldn # 8217 ; t assist but seek it once more and once more, until the stricken person was wholly addicted. Due to my confusion sing diacetylmorphine # 8217 ; s entreaty, I decided that subjective experience was a necessary status for a clearer apprehension of diacetylmorphine # 8217 ; s temptingness. I know, I know, # 8220 ; What if the narratives were true, and I would hold become a hopeless drug addict? # 8221 ; What if, so. What if I yank out a grinder, put it under my pillow, and the tooth faery leaves me a million dollars? Reason and logic are no more our enemy than diacetylmorphine is. After old ages of analyzing doctrine and logic both in and out of school, I have learned to separate the difference between coherent and consistent information, the foundation of cognition, and that of metaphorical exaggeration. In this instance, the job of coherence and consistence manifests itself in the contradictory belief that diacetylmorphine is an inanimate object devoid of life, but at the same clip, and in some cryptic manner, controls people. Yet a first manus experience of diacetylmorphine would come with a monetary value # 8211 ; Once I experienced diacetylmorphine, I would be stereotyped myself. An ageless fact about experience is that you have it everlastingly, and no sum of thought or want can undo that fact. The cost of cognition is sometimes high. With this in head, I set out to happen this ill-famed drug. I made the determination beforehand to smoke it, non shoot it ( injection is the preferable method ) . Once I put myself in an environment conducive to such acquisitions, one inquiry was plenty to obtain a dose big plenty for two inexperient people. ( Having the foresight that my inexperienced fumbling might destroy a part, I requested dual my demands. ) In less than 30 proceedingss, I had the diacetylmorphine. The cost: $ 20.00. It looked like a ball of route pitch, black and gluey, with a crisp and unpleasant chemical odor, about the size of a big house fly. This signifier of diacetylmorphine is the California version. It comes from Mexico, and from its visual aspect, it gets its name: # 8220 ; Mexican Tar Heroin. # 8221 ; Anyway, I eventually arrived place, and in great expectancy, fabricated a petroleum Sn foil pipe to smoke the diacetylmorphine from. Tar diacetylmorphine thaws when heated, furuncles, and so begins to vaporize into a midst, white fume. The fume is so inhaled. Heating and inhaling diacetylmorphine from a little piece of Sn foil is called # 8220 ; Chasing the Dragon, # 8221 ; which exemplifies the metaphorical exaggeration behind this drug. Well I did merely that, sat down, and waited for the diacetylmorphine monster to attest itself, a monster said to enslave the will of work forces and adult females and finding them to destroy. Immediately I noticed that my eyes would non concentrate. The words on the page jumped around. I gave up seeking to read. The best description sing the intellectual facet of the experience that I can rally is that of a strong, thick, and gluey feeling, greatly decreasing the analytic facet of idea. The physical facet was loosen uping, and my full organic structure felt heavy and heavy. Despite that fact, the physical feeling wasn # 8217 ; t about the rapture I had expected. I wanted to understand why people dedicate their lives to a modus operandi of seeking for and utilizing this drug. I couldn # 8217 ; t understand why before I smoked it, and I felt like I was no closer to understanding why now. After about 15 proceedingss, I decided to smoke a spot more. After all, a dose big plenty to warrant the experience of the drug was necessary. Once once more, I was rewarded with an increased sense of druggedness: a heavy physical feeling and a general decelerating down of my idea processes. The feeling was once more agreeable. Yet I couldn # 8217 ; t assist thought that this couldn # 8217 ; t be what keeps so many people coming back in the face of physical dependence, the dismantlement and devastation of their lives, and in many instances, decease. So I indulged myself yet once more. This clip what needed to be done was done. I was sinking in and out of consciousness, if consciousness is what one might name it. The backsliding in and out of consciousness is called, conversationally and rather accurately, # 8220 ; nodding off. # 8221 ; I wouldn # 8217 ; t compare the diacetylmorphine induced province of consciousness with our by and large accepted apprehension of the term # 8220 ; consciousness, # 8221 ; nevertheless. They are non similar. For case, while nodding off , I couldn’t think or contemplate in any normal sense. I besides felt nauseating unless I lay, nonmoving, level on my dorsum. So there I was, lying level on my dorsum, unable to believe, non desiring to travel, and nodding in and out of what I will name a between state–that is, between consciousness and unconsciousness. I am at a loss to better explicate it. The experience is decidedly non one of idea and contemplation, as I merely couldn’t believe much at all. Upon contemplation, the best I can set into words my experience is that of losing clip, enduring about five hours. And as Einstein said, no clip, no knowledge–no nil every bit far as our cognitive apprehension of the universe is concerned! After a piece, I set out for bed and slept good, except for tantrums of itchiness, which I am told is a symptom of diacetylmorphine usage. I drifted off to kip thought, # 8220 ; How could that experience be attractive to anyone? # 8221 ; The following forenoon, and one time once more in full ownership of my thought modules, I had at least one reply. Here # 8217 ; s why. Heroin virtually destroys the act of higher idea: Worry, fright, want, need # 8211 ; these ideas are virtually nonexistent. It does this by suppressing the encephalons ability to believe abstractly. Contemplation, of fright, worry, want, need, even joy is the merchandise of abstract idea. For illustration, felicity is the merchandise of our ability to reflect upon our experiences. As worlds, we know we are happy, and we know it by reflecting upon ourselves and our experiences: # 8220 ; Oh yeah, I # 8217 ; m holding merriment skiing! I # 8217 ; m basking myself in the company of my friends, # 8221 ; and so on. We acknowledge that we feel good, bad, or indifferent, and that recognition is the consequence of our ability to believe abstractly. We are, that is, cognitively cognizant of our provinces of consciousness. When on diacetylmorphine, believing abstractly is about, if non wholly, impossible. Hence, diacetylmorphine, at certain doses, can be a entire flight into limbo, for the ability to believe abstractly is devastated. Thinking becomes fundamental at best. This is non to state that people who are addicted to heroin can non work in society and can non believe. The individual who I received the diacetylmorphine from has worked his full life. The act of believing on an abstract degree, nevertheless, is greatly diminished, if non obliterated wholly. What this means is that some people who are addicted to heroin can work in society and finish their undertakings, but I earnestly doubt that anyone could carry through, for case, theoretical natural philosophies, abstract doctrine, or larn concretion while high on diacetylmorphine. This is, of class, a affair of degree depending on the dose and the clip before and after the drug is introduced into the single # 8217 ; s system. The chief point is that diacetylmorphine, at some point, greatly restricts our ability to believe on an abstract degree, a degree necessary for experiencing emotions such as fright and hurting. In other words, depending on the dose and the clip elapsed after the debut into the system, diacetylmorphine takes the border off or wholly obliterates the strivings of life, . My true inexperient appraisal is that at some point the strivings and emphasiss of life become such a load that a thoughtless-ness being, every bit far as abstract thought is concerned, is preferred. For where there is an absences or great diminishing of abstract idea, there is besides the absences or great diminishing of psychological emphasis, injury, and hurting. Again, when on diacetylmorphine, there is no concern, fright, want, or demand, for the encephalon # 8217 ; s ability to bring forth those ideas has been arrested. The human encephalon becomes much the same as a lower animate being in the sense that it is cognitively incognizant of the psychological facets of concern, fright, and hurting. That is to state, a Canis familiaris, for case, hasn # 8217 ; t the ability to contemplate such things: When sing the full power of diacetylmorphine, neither have we. This is non to state that diacetylmorphine users are Canis familiariss, for they are non. The point is that our normal ability to believe abstractly is greatly diminished, ensuing in a lessening, if non annihilation, of the user # 8217 ; s psychological strivings. This was my epiphany: The ground for utilizing diacetylmorphine International Relations and Security Network # 8217 ; t because of physical rapture or because heroin controls people, but to get away the idea processes that conveying with them the psychological hurting those procedures produce. Heroin usage is a impermanent flight from the human status # 8211 ; hopelessness, aimlessness, the hereafter, depression, and even twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours procedures incurred merely by being a life, take a breathing individual. The attractive force to heroin, as I experienced it, is that there is nil, nil to worry about, fright, want, or demand, for the encephalon # 8217 ; s ability to convey such ideas into being has been destroyed, or at least greatly lessened ( Yes, it # 8217 ; s a affair of grade ) . When under a dosage of diacetylmorphine, you do non take to halt contemplation because the really ability to contemplate is on vacation. For these grounds, so, one time the user is back in the # 8220 ; existent universe, # 8221 ; the impulse to return to cognitive nonbeing is preferred. What # 8217 ; s more, one time the user is physically addicted, that impulse is farther justified by physical demand. I said in the beginning that all experiences have their effects, and the diacetylmorphine experience is no exclusion. By get awaying all hurting, we besides escape that which makes us human # 8211 ; the will, abstract thought, feelings, emotions, even the human thought of ego. The consequence of the drug itself is the obliteration of abstract idea ; the attractive force to this drug is the province achieved by the absence of abstract idea, for the absence of abstract idea is besides the absence of will and desire ; the consequence of the absence of will and desire is the absence of psychological hurting. Ironically, the annihilation of hurting by the obliteration of abstract thought greatly diminishes or destroys the human experience of life. For some, that province of being is preferred. This is what it is to see diacetylmorphine.

Through the history of the United States there hav Essay Example For Students

Through the history of the United States there hav Essay e been a countless numbers of poets. With them came an equal number of writing styles. Certainly one of the most unique poets to write lifes story through his own view of the world and with the ambition to do it was Walter Whitman. Greatly criticized by many readers of his work, Whitman was not a man to be deterred. Soon he would show the world that he had a voice, and that it spoke with a poets words. Afoot and lighthearted I take to the open road, Healthy, free, the world before me, the long brown path before me leading wherever I choose. We will write a custom essay on Through the history of the United States there hav specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Thus Whitman began his Song of the Open Road. This paper will attempt to describe his life and poetry in a way that does justice to the path he chose. He was a man who grew up impoverished, who wrote from his experiences, and who tried to lift his fellow men above lifes trivialities. These are the points to be discussed on these pages. To know the essence of Walter Whitman, you would have to understand the heart of his writing. For he is in his pen. Walter Whitman was born in West Hills, Long Island, New York, on May 31, 1819 . He did not have much opportunity for education in his early life. His parents were mostly poor and illiterate- his father a laborer, while his mother was a devout Quaker. Whitman was one of nine children and little is known about his youth except that two of his siblings were imbeciles. No wonder he demonstrated such an insight for life in his poems. In 1830, at the age of eleven, he worked as an office boy for a lawyer, where he learned the printing trade. Whitman would soon take up teaching at various schools in Long Island. He also engaged in carpentry and house building while he edited newspapers. His early years seemed to show an active interest in working with the public. Whitman at one time accepted a job with a New Orleans newspaper, and in doing so exposed himself to a great deal of the country. Getting to New Orleans required traveling over the Cumberland Gap and down rivers, of which he later wrote. America seemed to be both his home and inspiration. In Calamus, part of his single book, Leaves of Grass, he writes of Louisiana as a live oak growing, thus showing the joy he felt in everything he saw . In short, Whitman lived trough the nations heroic age, at a time when people had to be (or seemed to be) a little more than life-size to accomplish all the deeds they undertook. It was natural that Whitman, with his genius and metaphysical inclinations, should have drifted into journalism, a profession that could make some demands on his native endowments. As much as he was a traveler, he was also a man of the people. In one of his reviews, he described himself as never on platforms amid the crowds of clergymen, or professors, or aldermen, or congress men- rather down in the bay with pilots in their pilot boats- or off on a cruise with fishers in a fishing smack- or writing on a Broadway omnibus, side by side with the driver- or with a band of loungers over the open grounds of the country- fond of New York and Brooklyn- fond of the life of the great ferries. Whitman obviously felt a kinship with his country, and later exhibited this in his writings. He also was not a man to follow others. Self-reliant, with haughty eyes, assuming to himself all the attributes of his country, steps Walt Whitman into literature, talking like a man unaware that there was ever hitherto such a production as a book, or such a being as a writer. .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .postImageUrl , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:hover , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:visited , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:active { border:0!important; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:active , .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uec664e5fcd68c21621389607f00c270f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Breakfast Club Character Evaluations EssayWhitmans major work, Leaves of Grass, was first published on the fourth of July in 1855. He was thirty-six years old, not yet a published writer, and could not find any company willing to take a chance on his unusual style. His experience in newspapers allowed him to help publish his work himself, even setting up some of the type and distributing the first edition. To get a decent start, Whitman even went so far as to write complimentary unsigned reviews of his book which he had placed in the newspapers- An American bard at last! - his own words of his first work, showing his audacity to be well thought of. Whitman wrote only one b ook- Leaves of Grass- but he took a lifetime to write it, and he saw his one book through many shapes. As biographers have found, it is difficult to write the life of Whitman without writing instead the life and times of his book. He was the kind of parent who lives his life through his child, though he was unmarried and childless. As though in anticipation of scholars and critics who would probe deeply into his private affairs, Whitman placed a warning at the beginning of Leaves of Grass. A little reflection will confirm Whitmans point: no mans life was ever captured and placed between the covers of a book . As Whitman suggests, the reader who would know his life must read his book, and even there he will find only a few diffused faint clews'. No longer a journalist, no longer a carpenter, Whitman was during this period in the process of establishing his identity, not only for the public and posterity, but for himself. As first published, Leaves of Grass was a large book encased by green covers with an ornate, leafy design. It included twelve poems- Song of Myself, A Song for Occupations, To Think of Time, The Sleepers, I Sing the Body Electric, Faces, Son of the Answerer, Europe, A Boston Ballad, There Was a Child Went Forth, Who Learns My Lesson Complete, and Great Are the Myths.. Except for the last poem, all others continued to appear in each successive edition of the same title, as though Whitman was recreating and reliving his works as often as possible. Song of Myself was by far the longest, a prophetic chant that was designed to shock, startle, surprise, and disturb. The others varied from psychological dream fantasy to poetic-absorption of the universe. His preface even called for a new Kosmic poetry. Whitman celebrated an untamed communion with nature with overtones of sensuality that appeared shocking even though his poetry expressed solid transcendental doctrine. The small sale of the first edition of Leaves of Grass did not discourage Whitman from publishing a new edition with a great many new poems the following year. His major encouragement was a letter from Ralph Waldo Emerson praising his work. States Emerson,I find it the most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed. Whitman immediately seized on this, placing quotes of the praise on the binding of his second edition and also including the entire letter in the back of the book, as well as his own response. The large number of new poems in the second edition must have kept Whitman busy as a poet the full year preceding its appearance. Twenty new poems were present, with several bordering on an almost obscene emphasis on sex. In the final analysis, it is perhaps impossible to say whether Whitmans sexual imagery derives from one unconscious or the other or, indeed, from higher levels of consciousness. It is not enough to say only that Whitman was new and bold in his poetry. He had a unique style- the lyric epic- by which he made long poems stay alive. According to biographer James Miller, Jr., his work seemed to take the shape of a life. His form was similar to thought-rhythm, or parallelism, which also can be found in Old Testament poetry and in some Indian sacred books. .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .postImageUrl , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:hover , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:visited , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:active { border:0!important; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:active , .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74 .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5aaab6dc5c69351ce0fa0f0bb0846e74:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: How I Exhibit the Four Pillars of the National Honor Society EssayWhitman defined the poets function as seer: The greatest poet hardly knows pettiness or triviality. If he breathes into anything that was before thought small it dilates with the grandeus and life of the universe. He is a seer. He saw the world as an open book filled with disillusioned people and the rights of man being abused. The reader of his works could not help to criticize him for his use of the worlds fault to explain his view of the world. To Whitman, the game was life, and in it he maintained his pose. It was important to Whitman to not be simply a poet. He volunteered in military hospitals after t he Civil War and later worked in several government departments until he suffered a stroke in 1873. Although he still published several more editions of Leaves of Grass before his death in 1892, his last years were spent in poor health. It is difficult to think of many major American poets who have not felt the need to produce their own long poem and who have not felt that Whitman was looking over their shoulder as they wrote. Growing up without privilege did not dull his ability to decorate the written word from his varied experiences, and he forever strove to uncover the elusive meanings that he felt his readers deserved to know. These are the points that this paper has meant to communicate. Whitman truly placed his heart in his pen as few poets have. In short, it looks as though Whitmans haunting figure will remain a presence in American literature he will be lurking there, waiting to see if the poets to come live up to his expectations expressed in the Inscription poem addressed to them:I myself write but one or two indicative words for the future,I but advance a moment only to wheel and hurry backin the darkness. I am a man who, sauntering along without fully stopping, turns a casual lookupon you and then averts his face,Leaving it to you to prove and define it,Expecting the main things from you. In his farewell poem for Leaves of Grass he assumed his success:Camerado, this is no book/Who touches this touches a man.

Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Essays

Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Essays Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Paper Analysis of sexuality as liberator in The Company of Wolves Paper Under the Wolfs Skin The wolf is carnivore incarnate and hes as cunning as he is ferocious; once hes had a taste of flesh then nothing else will do quotes Angela Carter, in her reimagining of the classic fairy tale Little Red Riding Hood in her short story The Company of Wolves. The original tale by Charles Perrault served as a thinly veiled cautionary tale for young women to suppress their sexuality which comes in the form of the wolf, and submit to the servile situations, or else they come to a bad end. In Carters version though, she turns the tale on its head and does the opposite; Angela Carters tory states that sexuality can neither be stigmatized nor evaded, as it is biological. She talks of how the women were taught to fear their sexuality, to run away from it as if the devil himself was pursuing behind. If you spy a naked man among the pines, you must run as if the Devil were after you. The image of a naked man (signifying sexual desire) is transposed on that of a raving beast who is to be eluded or escaped from. The reference to the Devil too perhaps isnt entirely unplanned. What better way to impose iron-clad chastity on women if not reminding them of the Devil in tandem with sexual desire, the ultimate forbidden fruit? However, as Carter puts it, the wolves have ways of arriving at your own hearthside. We try and we try but sometimes we cannot keep them out and this is perhaps the best example of Carters allusion to the attempt at repressing human sexuality. Like the wolves, she states, the desire ends up dogging at your heels, no matter how much a person might attempt to keep it out. This blatant attempt on the authors part is an attempt at restructuring the roles of the women so that they are more than Just set in their gender roles which teaches them sexuality is to be reviled or feared; sheltered in ne form or another for centuries, out of which they are beginning to emerge. Thus, in The Company of Wolves the author uses the wolf as a metaphor for sexual desire as a tool of independence for women. She uses the proverbial wolf as a sexual liberator to show the women embracing or attempting to embrace independence through sexuality by eschewing gender specific roles and by having them avow their independence by celebrating their sexuality without servility or shame. Carter uses the wolf as the sexual liberator by showing women who embrace or, attempt to mbrace their sexuality in a bid for independence from patriarchal society. In the first part of Carters story, the narrator speaks of a woman who was bitten in her own kitchen while straining the macaroni. Previous to this anecdote, as well as after it, the story stays well ensconced in the past, separating the reader from it. This image of a woman straining macaroni however, manages to Jar the reader into the present day, in which it is the rare person who fears wolves (or, their sexuality). Rather, fears of rape, murder and robbery are in abundance. Yet we find that it is the woman, deeply nsconced in her social role as a woman, in this modern day and age who fall victim the kitchen, the very symbol of servile shackles that Carter reviles. Thus, when she is bitten by the wolf, she is in accordance to the law of the lycanthropes transformed into a wolf herself. A wolf who we see is described as The wolf is carnivore incarnate and hes as cunning as he is ferocious; once hes had a taste of flesh then nothing else will do. From the lines it can be inferred that wolf is an elemental, sexual creature that is beyond societal trappings of proprieties. When the taste of flesh trikes, nothing can hold it back. In Christianity, the word flesh is used in English as a metaphor to describe sinful tendencies. A related turn of phrase identifies certain sins as carnal sins, from Latin caro, carnis, meaning flesh in the King Jamess Bible; For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh, and the lust of the eyes, and the pride of life, is not of the Father, but is of the world. (1 John 2:16) Therefore, it can be agreed that taste of flesh may mean sexual desire. This very desire which liberates her from the role she had been well ensconced in, introducing to her to a rand new role of the aggressor in the form of the wolf who would spread desire through her bite rather than the meek, subservient female in the kitchen passively waiting for something. The wolf or, her desire introduces her to danger and passion, of walking outside the realm of sexual proprieties as decided upon by the society, instead of the mundane of routine like macaroni washing. Through this woman Angela Carter shows women bound in servitude of one form or another, those confined to their limiting roles can be, and are attacked by the wolf, as if desire at rodding at them to break free, finally manages to make them do so, even after years of oppression at times. Thus, it can be understood this wolf can be the sexual liberator that can at least make women try and embrace independence through their sexuality. Another example of such an act of independence through a womans sexuality would be the tale of the witch. The witch whose lover had spurned her for another woman turned an entire wedding party into wolves and used to order them to visit her, at night, from spite, and they would sit and howl around her cottage for her, serenading her with their misery. The author again uses the word wolf as an allusion for sexuality. The witch, instead of succumbing to the set gender-sexual paradigm, where she is to revile her sexuality now that a man had chosen another woman over her, casts a spell instead. She turns the wedding party into wolves perhaps becomes the object of their desire using her feminine wiles, regardless of their sexual orientation and breaks out of the mold of playing untutored victim. Rather she entraps them sexually, willing them to come to her over and over again allowing the character to depart from the usual gender role of a woman. Also, the author uses the metaphorical wolf of sexual desire to describe women who shun gender-specific roles and celebrate their independence through sexuality. Therefore, in her story Angela Carter uses the wolf or the sexual desire to embody a change the kind we see in the girl in the red hood. Through the wolf we see Angela Carter introducing a breed of women who revel in their sexuality without shame. The girl signifying Little Red Riding Hood is young -she is a sealed vessel she is a closed system; she does not know how to shiver. (6) The girl therefore is spared of the ultural conditioning of shaming and shunning of the female sexuality and is therefore more open to change. She comes across the huntsman and we immediately reach her grandmothers cottage before her, which she accepts. Upon arrival, when she realizes that things werent the way they should be, we see that the girl shunning all that she was ever taught, and, since her fear did her no good, she ceased to be afraid. He is the sum of all she had been taught to fear, and yet she gives him the kiss owed, and begins to take off her clothing and throw it into the fire, symbolically bandoning all she had ever been taught regarding repressing her sexuality. When she comments on his teeth, and he reminds her that they are they are there to eat her with, we do not see him scream in fear like the original Red Riding Hood. She knows that she has nothing to fear, that she knew she was nobodys meat. She laughed at him full in the face, she ripped off his shirt for him and flung it into the fire. It is here we see the powers shift; the girl embraces her sexuality within the wolf, instead of fearing it. We find her freely exercising her sexuality and desire as he sees fit. She relies solely on these for protection, and for salvation. Looking at the story even in its most basic, we do not find her imploring to God or bowing down in servitude to a man. Rather, she embraces her own nature and, see! Sweet and sound she sleeps in grannys bed, between the paws of the tender wolf. That not only saves her, but helps her discover herself as an equal, in bed with her desire rather than haunted by it, or shamed by it afterwards. The wolf therefore ends up signifying the young womans stepping out of her socio-cultural taboos such as ender-role, religion and morality, and the its role in her celebration of her sexuality, without guilt. Of course, it can be argued that the wolf instead of a sexual liberator can instead be a commentary on the parallel between men and wolves. She portrays men as the carnivore incarnate repetitively and shows them as savage, lusty, rabid beings that are all starving. Statements such as once hes had the taste of flesh, nothing else will do and worst of all he cannot listen to reason are frightening in context and leave no room for question in this blatant link between the wild wolves nd the male sex. Thus, it can be argued that instead of the role of the sexual liberator, the wolf plays the role of a rabid, but manageable social construct; men who are only appeased by immaculate flesh yet, a girl could lay his fearful head on her lap. Here we can see, I suppose, where postmodern feminism confronts the violence inherent in these narratives that construct and regulate gender and sexuality, exposing misleading totalities inherent in fairy tales, myths, and other such dominant narratives (B rooke 18). Yet, despite the arguments raised, the role of the olf as a sexual liberator still stands strong. Taking into account the cases of the woman bitten and thus, introduced to independence through her sexual desires, the witch who embraced her sexuality and independence, and even the young woman implementing her sexuality to proclaim her independence, is a stronger account of the wolf standing for a positive change. In Carters The Company of Wolves the wolf itself signifies feminine independence and deviation from patriarchal role through sexuality and the change is certainly a positive one and the arguments given more han meets the ones that can be raised against the set definition given. To conclude, Angela Carters The Company of Wolves is a feminist restructuring of an old moralistic tale warning women of their sexuality. She rewrites it so that instead of being haunted by the proverbial wolf of their sexuality here the females attempt to role and, to enjoy their sexuality without servility or shame. The wolf of desire isnt something to be reviled, loathed or to run away from. Rather, like the young girl, Angela Carter wants women to embrace their liberation and take their destiny in their own hands. She wants them to use the power of their sexuality without shame or fear and, like Red to survive the encounter with the savage wolf unscathed. Angela Carter wants women to welcome their independence with open arms and The Company of Wolves is her way of declaring the separation from cookie cutter gender roles of women as non-sexual beings driven by others decisions to sexually independent ones capable of making choices of their own. Work Cited Brooke, Patricia. Lions and Tigers and Wolves Oh My! Reversionary Fairy Tales in the Work of Angela Carter Critical Survey. Berghahn Books. Jstor. November 2013 Jstor. org/stable/41 55725 Carter, Angela. The Company of Wolves. The Bloody Chamber. Victor Gollancz Ltd. 1979. Litgothic. 20 November 2013 http:// www. litgothic. com/PDFOther/carter_company_wolves. pdf Film. In the Company of Wolves. April 18, 2005. 10 November 2013 The Holy Bible, King James Version. New York: Oxford Edition: 1769; King James Bible Online, 2008. 1 December 2013 http:// www. king]amesbibleonline. org/. Perrault, Charles. Little Red Riding Hood Tales from Perraul 1697. Pitt. 15 November 2013. pitt. edu/†dash/ type0333. html#perrault

Best Websites to Learn English

Best Websites to Learn English Best Websites to Learn English Best Websites to Learn English By Sharon Whether you are learning English as a second language or trying to polish your already adequate grammar and style skills, the seven websites below can help. 1. Memrise Memrise is an online flashcard website where people can upload their own flashcard stacks. You can find a range of topics ranging from Geography to Electronics to Fashion. These flashcards are great if you want to learn English vocabulary for specific topics, as the majority of flashcards come with pictures and sounds to aid your learning. Even if you know English very well, Memrise can help you learn higher-level English, with flashcards covering SAT and GRE English, and more. 2. Duolingo If your first language is not English, and you are confused about where to go first, I suggest Duolingo. Duolingo is a language-learning website that transforms the language-learning process into a game. You are given tasks like matching words to flashcards, picking the most appropriate word for a sentence, writing what you hear, and more, all in your native language. Duolingo will help you take your English abilities in reading, writing, listening, and speaking, to a basic conversational level once you finish the course. From there, you can take the reverse course, translating from English into your native language. The learning never stops at Duolingo. I often find myself redoing the courses to solidify my abilities. 3. Dictionary.com Everyone, at one time or another, needs a dictionary. There are hundreds of thousands of words in the English language and not many people know them all. Everyone, from the most basic of beginners to the more advanced speakers of the English language, should bookmark Dictionary.com for future reference. You never know when you will need to learn what a word means, like hesperidium. Use that in a sentence! 4. Readable.io Sometimes, the best learning happens when we teach ourselves. It is one thing to learn from others, but we can really solidify the lessons learnt by going over our own mistakes, and correcting them. Readable.io checks your typed text for you, highlighting your ease and ability at writing. Using readability scores, text analytics, keyword densities, and sentiment analysis, you can learn where your writing skills are lacking, and how to correct them. This website can be a very valuable tool for the self-taught writer. I used it all throughout school on academic paper drafts. 5. Purdue Online Writing Lab Run by Purdue University, the Purdue Online Writing Lab can teach you how to form grammatically-perfect sentences. Although the website is meant for university-level students, anyone can improve their grammar and abilities in English via the site. You can learn how to improve your general writing abilities, perform better research and cite that research, and more. There is even a section on English as a Second Language. Regardless of your English abilities, you should use this resource if you are performing research of any kind. From grade-school assignments to masters-level citations, any student can benefit from the Purdue Online Writing Lab. 6. Grammarly Sometimes, you just want to check your grammar, sentence by sentence. Grammarly will provide suggestions based on your written input. You can use this website to increase your vocabulary range and your written skills. There are many words in the English language that can confuse even the most ardent of English speakers. I still meet adults today who misuse â€Å"two,† â€Å"too,† and â€Å"to.† Understanding the differences that words can make in the meanings of sentences is vital to improving your English. While Grammarly is not free, it is worth every penny. 7. Upwork While Upwork is not exactly a website where you can learn English, it can help you improve your reading, writing, and speaking abilities by helping you hire a tutor. Upwork is an online marketplace where you can hire individuals to help you with a variety of things. Rates are affordable and each person offering a service has a complete profile with ratings and review from previous clients. For a reasonable price, you can contract an English tutor to speak with you online and help you with your English. They can help improve your conversational English abilities, grade your written English, teach you new concepts in the English language and more. Due to the versatility, affordability, and accessibility of online marketplaces like Upwork, this resource can be one of the most valuable ones you use as you learn English online. Good luck. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Punctuate References to Dates and TimesOne Fell SwoopHow Long Should a Synopsis Be?

Study of World Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Study of World Cultures - Essay Example They include the involvement with cross-functional groups, coordination of order specifications with suppliers, supervision of work across cultures or countries, negotiation of terms with offshore business partners, expanding operations to new countries and forming mergers with competitors. Boundaries come with challenges, which managers need to understand. Boundaries can cause investment losses, customer service failure, and unmotivated employees who are unwilling to span boundaries. The factors contributing to the emergence of boundary problems in organizations relate to Cultural Communication Dimensions and Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions. The most important cultural communication dimensions relate to language and cultural differences. As such, various people in the entrepreneurial world have different languages of communication. Moreover, they also have their cultural alignments, which may not permit cross-cultural communications. Cultural obstacles at the micro and macro scales can deter boundary spanning. At the macro level, cultural issues occur when firms communicate across their territorial boundaries. It may include instances when international corporations work with units from other nations. For instance, the United States may outsource Indian experts to offer IT services. Micro-cultural issues refer to the corporate culture created in the various departments of an organization. The communication pattern is one cultural dimension that affects the working relationship between Westerners and Asians. While the westerners often prefer communicating through verbal signs, the Asians opt to be non-verbal. Westerners and North American cultures value clarity and directness. By contrast, Asian cultures value ambiguity, politeness, and indirectness. Asian and American business cultures also differ on the cultural dimension of action. For instance, Asians will not openly reject a proposal since they value

How a Business Admin can lead you into a successful leadership role in Research Paper

How a Business Admin can lead you into a successful leadership role in financial management - Research Paper Example However, there are certain requirements that one need to fulfill before becoming a financial manager. This paper looks at the all the matters that concern financial management as a career from job description to the salaries as well as other factors that affect the job or are projected to affect it in the near future. The paper also explores the duties of a financial manager. As previously stated there are very many roles of financial managers. First off, they prepare financial statements, business forecasts and business activity reports. Secondly they also monitor the financial details to make sure that they conform to the legal requirements. The managers are also supervisors of employees who handle budgeting and financial reporting issues in an organization. They are also needed to reduce costs through conducting reviews on the organizations financial reports (Occupational Outlook Handbook, Financial manager, 2014). They also have the duty to do market trend analysis and recommend expansion of the organization. Financial managers are also consultants during the decision making process by the management. Financial managers have the core duty of changing the response to advancements in technology that are efficient in producing financial reports (Financial Manager | CareerGirls.). Their work also overlaps in that they have the role of analyzing data as well as advising the senior managers on how to optimize profits. Their roles differ depending on the organization that has employed them. For instance, in financial institutions such as banks they are tinged with the duty of overseeing various functions including lending (Occupational Outlook Handbook, Financial manager, 2014). The cash managers will control the inflow and outflow of the company money so as to meet the business expectations of their firms. The insurance manager will look at the programs that are bound to minimize risks and cut down on losses so as to improve efficiency in business

Contradicting Notions of the Public Sphere Essay Example for Free

Contradicting Notions of the Public Sphere Essay The notion of Public Sphere by Jurgen Habermas is representative of the social realities of his country. In the same way, Nancy Fraser’s comment on Habermas’s Public Sphere reflects the society she is in. Therefore, their notions of Public Sphere contradict due to their different backgrounds. Considering this idea, readers should consider the backgrounds of the two authors in analyzing their concepts. In analyzing the notion of Public Sphere in the view of Habermas, let us consider the economic situation of Germany. On the one hand, we can say that Habermas’s notion of public is comprised of individuals who have enough food, shelter, clothing, education, employment, or other means of living.   Germany is a stable country, considering its GNP, and small population. On the other hand, the United States is resided by people of different backgrounds, from the poor, the average, up to the rich and wealthy, the Whites, the Blacks, and other migrants, etc. These people who comprise the population of America dictate to Fraser her notion of the public sphere. Considerably, Habermas’s concept of Public Sphere is very ideal. Its idealism actually makes it delimiting of the public it addresses. We can say that the public Habermas portrays or uses to conceptualize his thoughts is basically European. It does not consider the marginalized, the oppressed, or simply those who are experiencing sufferings and demarcation, such as the women, the uneducated, the unemployed or the multicultural population. In conceiving the public sphere as private people coming together as a public, debating over some publicly relevant topics, Habermas was thinking of unity and understanding among the sectors of the public. As such, there is nothing wrong with his ideas of voicing out public opinion within the Public Sphere; in fact it would be beneficial to both the government and the people. Habermas gives an account of the elements necessary to form a democratic country. He addresses this as the bourgeois Public Sphere, which has four primary elements. This sphere, he claims, entirely disregards status, and gives opportunity for everyone to share in the discussion. In other words, he proposes an inclusive Public sphere. Additionally, the discussion within the Public Sphere should address socio -political problems that need to be solved. Habermas considers the evolution of the public sphere he conceptualizes. It started with the bourgeois discussing in coffee shops, salons, and other familiar places. It later comprised the media, as the bourgeois in the 18th century established printing press, news companies, etc. Further consideration of this point suggests the use of media resources for gaining and expressing public opinion, which later limited the said public sphere to those in power. On the contrary, Fraser considers the notion of having the Public Sphere comprised of individuals from all walks of life. She claims that what Habermas proposes is not inclusive, but rather exclusive of those who are educated, and well-to-do. It therefore marginalizes the poor from the rich, and discriminates, in a way, the women and the multicultural individuals. She further argues that it is impossible to claim inclusiveness as marginalized groups are not considered part of the universal public. They themselves formed their own public spheres, which the author termed as counterpublics. She further offers a modern conception of the hegemonic public sphere, which opens up the political realm to everyone. She states that rather than ruling by power, there is now rule by the majority. To deal with the hegemonic domination, repressed groups form into Subaltern counterpublics to represent those who share their ideologies. The marginalized have learned to express themselves, and are working together toward a certain goal. Both authors have their good notions of the Public Sphere. Each works for the common good of the people. In Habermas, we can see that the Public Sphere he proposes is a way to resolve problems in the government and economy of a certain country. In addition, he proposes a body that watches over the public, an organized group of individuals who aim for an honest and successful governance. In her paper, Fraser shares the view that people have formed a Public Sphere that recognizes and represents every individual. She formulates that this sphere would be more representative of the people as it listens and learns from the marginalized sector in society. She disagrees with Habermas that regarding forming a public sphere of the knowledgeable, the more privileged.   In evaluating these two views, we must remember to consider the perspective of the authors. As mentioned above, Habermas who came from Germany may have only considered the society he was exposed to, in coming up with his own notion of Public Sphere. In contrast, Fraser who was exposed to multiculturalism in America may have applied her views in the Public Sphere she proposed. As such, the two authors came up with contradicting beliefs, since they had conflicting societies. Works Cited Habermas, Jà ¼rgen. The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society. (English Translation). Cambridge Massachusetts: The MIT Press, 1989. Alterity. 13 February 2005. Retrieved 25 March 2008 http://www.zephoria.org/alterity/archives/2005/02/nancy_fraser_re.html. Fraser, Nancy. Rethinking the Public Sphere: A Contribution to the Critique of Actually Existing Democracy. Social Text 25 (26): 56-80. Duke University Press, 1990.

Rome and Paris: Two Great Vacation Destinations! Essay -- Summer Vaca

Have you ever had the feeling that you just want to get away from where you are or a situation you are in? When people start to feel this way they often decide to go on a vacation. Then they face a decision, â€Å"Where do I want to go?† There are many factors that may contribute to this decision, such as the amount of time that can be taken away from work or other obligations, how much money there is to spend on this trip, is this the best time, and much more. Deciding where to go is a big decision that should be given a great deal of thought and not rushed into. Two great options if someone has the time, money, and interest would be Rome or Paris. These are good options because of the great people to learn about from each city, the great places to visit, and of course the delicious food that can be found. Rome and Paris are both known for their historical significance, not only the events but the people too. The two destinations have been well known for being home to many great people. The locations have both had important leaders such as Caesar Augustus in Rome. Adele Evans in DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Rome says that Michaelangelo is a very well-known sculptor, painter, and poet from Rome. He is known for his work on the ceiling of the Sistene Chapel and his sculpture called the Pietà   (18). In the book Italy, by Jean Valbonne she mentions that Rome has also been home to others such as the painter Raphael who painted some popular Madonna paintings. The city may not be what it is today without a man named Bramante who began his career as a painter and later became the lead architect of the Vatican which is a separate country that is inside of Rome (91). Many well-known artists have come from Rome and other important ... ... many aspects to think about when making any trip, but when a break is needed it is best to take it so as to not get too stressed. Works Cited Brennan, Ethel, and Sara Remington. Paris to Provence: Childhood Memories of Food & France. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel, 2013. Print. Evans, Adele. Rome. New York: Penguin, 2012. Print. Eyewitness Travel Guides. McLachlan, Angela. French in the Primary Classroom: Ideas and Resources for the Non-linguist Teacher. London: Continuum International, 2008. Print. Steves, Rick, Steve Smith, and Gene Openshaw. Rick Steves' Paris 2014. N.p.: Avalon Travel, 2013. Print. Rick Steves' Ser. Time Out Guides Ltd. Time Out Paris. Ed. Peterjon Cresswell. N.p.: Time Out Guides, 2005. Print. Valbonne, Jean. Italy. GeneÌ€ve: Minerva, 1973. Print. Vankat, Julie. "Rome Experience." Telephone interview. 8 Nov. 2013. Rome and Paris: Two Great Vacation Destinations! Essay -- Summer Vaca Have you ever had the feeling that you just want to get away from where you are or a situation you are in? When people start to feel this way they often decide to go on a vacation. Then they face a decision, â€Å"Where do I want to go?† There are many factors that may contribute to this decision, such as the amount of time that can be taken away from work or other obligations, how much money there is to spend on this trip, is this the best time, and much more. Deciding where to go is a big decision that should be given a great deal of thought and not rushed into. Two great options if someone has the time, money, and interest would be Rome or Paris. These are good options because of the great people to learn about from each city, the great places to visit, and of course the delicious food that can be found. Rome and Paris are both known for their historical significance, not only the events but the people too. The two destinations have been well known for being home to many great people. The locations have both had important leaders such as Caesar Augustus in Rome. Adele Evans in DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Rome says that Michaelangelo is a very well-known sculptor, painter, and poet from Rome. He is known for his work on the ceiling of the Sistene Chapel and his sculpture called the Pietà   (18). In the book Italy, by Jean Valbonne she mentions that Rome has also been home to others such as the painter Raphael who painted some popular Madonna paintings. The city may not be what it is today without a man named Bramante who began his career as a painter and later became the lead architect of the Vatican which is a separate country that is inside of Rome (91). Many well-known artists have come from Rome and other important ... ... many aspects to think about when making any trip, but when a break is needed it is best to take it so as to not get too stressed. Works Cited Brennan, Ethel, and Sara Remington. Paris to Provence: Childhood Memories of Food & France. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel, 2013. Print. Evans, Adele. Rome. New York: Penguin, 2012. Print. Eyewitness Travel Guides. McLachlan, Angela. French in the Primary Classroom: Ideas and Resources for the Non-linguist Teacher. London: Continuum International, 2008. Print. Steves, Rick, Steve Smith, and Gene Openshaw. Rick Steves' Paris 2014. N.p.: Avalon Travel, 2013. Print. Rick Steves' Ser. Time Out Guides Ltd. Time Out Paris. Ed. Peterjon Cresswell. N.p.: Time Out Guides, 2005. Print. Valbonne, Jean. Italy. GeneÌ€ve: Minerva, 1973. Print. Vankat, Julie. "Rome Experience." Telephone interview. 8 Nov. 2013.

Health Care Dysfunctions and their Solutions

The American health care system has been previously bragged as the most excellent around the world until the emergence and realization of its major dysfunctions. The increasing number of American people who still could not afford the high cost of the health care system as well as the obvious problems within the structure itself is concrete manifestations that the existing health care program is no longer working to the advantage of the people.In fact, the alarming reality of the escalating health care price and its apparent inaccessibility definitely comprise a valid predicament particularly dysfunctions in the health care system. In any dilemma, there are possible solutions and however difficult, concerned people including authorities and those belonging in the health care industry need to continue look for ways to address and eventually solve the system’s failures.This is because in doing so, the health care system’s objectives to advocate excellent health among peopl e, be accessible and for it to be at reasonable price will ultimately become a reality hence paving way for the rectification of health care dysfunctions. Hence, the said factors are what the readers will be able to learn from the topic of health care system ultimately paving the way for the essential understanding of its dysfunctions and needed solutions.Health Care System, an OverviewThrough a comparison of the different health care structures of a variety of countries, relevant survey results indicated the true nature of a high-quality and reasonable health care system. The pieces of information and ideas resulting from such studies have signified a clear assessment of the health care systems of the United States and several countries as regard concerns about its price, accessibility, quality and choice of people but most importantly the effectiveness of the system in creating good health among people (â€Å"The U. S. health Care System: Best in the World, or Just the Most Expen sive? †, 2001).Citing the statistical report by the World Health Organization on some 191 member countries, the global health body was able to create three major objectives which also serve as the factors to be considered for a country’s health care system to be considered as good and fair. These include the health care program’s promotion of good health hence â€Å"making the health status of the entire population as good as possible† (cited in â€Å"The U. S. health Care System: Best in the World, or Just the Most Expensive?† 2001).Responsiveness is also a requirement where the system needs to respond to people’s prospects of appropriate health management and the corresponding orientation by health care providers to their respective public. Health care system should also be rational or fair in its costs and financing thereby assuring the financial protection of people and wherein its costs determined and spread based from a client’s financial capacity (â€Å"The U. S. health Care System: Best in the World, or Just the Most Expensive?†, 2001).Hence, the health care system’s general and excellent characteristic could be best yet simply exemplified in a way that it should supposedly deal with failures concerning its price, worth, convenience and variety. Health Care Dysfunctions Failures in the health care system are already evident even for the past years. Citing the Census Bureau, Davidz (2007) reported that there were already close to 47 million Americans who were not insured or not part of the country’s health care system for at least the past two years.While the statistics is only around 15 percent of the overall American population, recent records have shown that the percentage is likely to increase taking into consideration the significant dysfunctions of the system. Davidz also mentioned an economist’s observation that health care malfunction is characterized by too expensive or unaffordable health care program. However, the author noted that a possible plan to make a program reasonably priced discourages the provision of health care as it will slash into the enormous, untaxed privileges offered to those belonging to the top structure of an organization (Davidz, 2007).In essence, this cost-related failure of health care is an essential element which needs to be resolved. A personal experience or observation proves this particular dysfunction. In the State of California alone, approximately seven million residents do not have health coverage or health care program. The number is regarded to be the country’s biggest uninsured public and that the uncontrollably increasing price has been noted to be the main detrimental factor which pressures the inexpensiveness of any health care.While the emergence of the so-called â€Å"year of health reform† in California guarantees change in the system, it is still unfortunate to note that other equally-impo rtant health care dysfunctions continue to be unaddressed. Aside from the failure of making the system affordable, other malfunctions include the need for the system to be of high quality, accessible and provider of different selections where a person has diversity in choosing what health care plan is best fitting (Smith, 2007).Meanwhile, the accessibility failure of the American heath care only proved that the country is the only developed nation, aside from South Africa, which fails to give such benefit to its people. In contrast, the government only provides a mixture of insurance coverage offered by private organizations which is determined according to one’s employment as well as some government-based health programs which cater to active and retired military personnel, handicapped and deprived citizens. Such dysfunction forms severe breach as far as the accessibility of the insurance coverage.Coupled this with the cost fiasco, more people eventually let go of their resp ective health care program (â€Å"The U. S. health Care System: Best in the World, or Just the Most Expensive? †, 2001). A research has also proven that Americans are provided with only half of the suggested and supposed health care. Such study was determined based from the rising proofs of quality-related dysfunction in the American health care system. This also showed that a health program does not ensure one from getting quality care (Napier, 2006).Additionally, the system only poses harm to patients because it fails to live up to what is expected and that extensive quality-related issues are manifested by the rising number of medical blunders. Such error is due to the fact that people are provided with the misleading notion of service quality instead of the needed clinical or medical quality (â€Å"American families deserve quality health care,† 2007). Solutions to Health Care Dysfunctions Possible solutions were already provided such as overhauling the system wher ein the new administration commits to make health care program carry a high cost tag (Feld, 2009).However, what are needed are concrete solutions which aim to finally get to the bottom of this issue. Specifically as regard the quality of the health care, medical blunders need to be avoided through correct diagnosis, surgery and medication. These can be particularly done by creating and implementing means to track such clinical mistakes which will make health providers liable for the blunder as well as also ensuring the best quality among medical personnel making them fit for their work (â€Å"American families deserve quality health care,† 2007).As for the high cost, there is a need to limit the price of medical technologies, services and medication thereby ensuring the benefit of both the health care providers and clients. Aside from private-based health programs, government-initiated plans need to be more diverse offering easier access to almost sectors of the society such as children (Davidz, 2007). Finally, giving people with free choice of suitable health care program and provider will be another significant step to completely address, if not resolve the problem.Conclusion A nation’s health care system is expected to be free of dysfunctions in order to attain the good well-being of people. While failures in the system are inevitable, what is important and required are that the needed solutions are clearly identified and effectively implemented.References Davidz, E. (2007). Diagnosing the problem but not the remedy. Retrieved January 13, 2009, from http://www. marketwatch. com/news/story/healthcare-problems-agreed-solutions-not/story. Feld, S. (2009, January 11).Congressional Budget Office Reveals Budget Hurdles in Financing Healthcare Reform. Message posted to http://stanleyfeldmdmace. typepad. com/ Napier, M. (2006).All Americans at risk of receiving poor quality health care. Retrieved January 13, 2009, from http://www. rwjf. org/files/publ ications/other/asch_nejm_20060316. pdf National Partnership for Women & Families. (2007).American families deserve quality health care. Retrieved January 13, 2009, from http://www. nationalpartnership. org/site/PageServer? pagename=qcn_factsheet_poorquality Smith, M. D. (2007).Health Care Reform 2007: Defining Problems, Examining Solutions. Retrieved January 12, 2009, from http://www. chcf. org/topics/view. cfm? itemID=132238 University of Maine. (2001).The U. S. Health Care System: Best in the World, or Just the Most Expensive?. Orono, Maine: Bureau of Labor Education.

Possible Violation of the Eighth Amendment Essay

The article I found was written on March 14, 2011 about the controversy of the constitutionality of the treatment of Private Manning. There have been many articles about this topic, but the one I looked at was an editorial in the pages of the New York Times. Private Manning was convicted of leaking restricted military files to WikiLeaks and was arrested on the twenty sixth of May in Iraq. Since then he has been imprisoned at Quantico in Virginia and has been treated as the some of the prisoners at Abu Ghraib have. For example, he is in solitary confinement twenty three out of twenty four hours, on the twenty four hours his ankles must be shackled on the way to and on the way back from the exercise room. Finally, he is forced to sleep naked and when inspection comes in the morning, he is naked throughout that too; only when it is over is he permitted to have his clothes back. The controversy is whether this is treatment for cruel and unusual punishment; also known as the eighth amendment. I think this treatment of Private Manny may very well lead to a court case over the eighth amendment. In my opinion, there was most definitely a violation of the eighth amendment, I do not condone torture in any sense and consider not only despicable and disgraceful on American soil, but unconstitutional, and the treatment of Private Manning falls under this position. Being forced naked and in isolation for such extended periods of time is torture. Torture is cruel and, most definitely, unusual punishment especially considering the non-severity of Private Manning’s actions.

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Atomic Bomb

During wartime, horrible atrocities against all of humanity must be dealt with.  Ã‚   Crimes against humanity, as never witnessed before, and hopefully to never be seen again, occurred during the course of World War II.  Ã‚   America has always, and most likely will always place a high value on American lives.  Ã‚   In order to protect these lives and to insure that the world is safe for democracy, American leaders had to make a very tough decision, whether or not to drop the atomic bomb on Japan.  Ã‚   This act would essentially trade Japanese lives for American lives.  Ã‚   The Japanese were responsible for hundreds of thousands of American casualties in the Pacific, including the unprovoked attack on Pearl Harbor.  Ã‚   With Japanese forces showing no signs of surrender, American leaders made a decision.  Ã‚   This decision essentially changed the history of warfare forever.    An atomic bomb is any weapon that gets its destructive power from an atom.   This powe r comes when the matter inside of the atoms is transformed into energy.   The process by which this is done is known as fission.   The only two atoms suitable for fission are the uranium isotope U-235 and the plutonium isotope Pu-239.   Fission occurs when a neutron, a subatomic particle with no electrical charge, strikes the nucleus of one of these isotopes and causes it to split apart.   When the nucleus is split, a large amount of energy is produced, and more free neutrons are also released.   These neutrons strike other atoms, which causes more energy to be released.   If this process is repeated, a self-sustaining chain reaction will occur, and it is this chain reaction that causes the atomic bomb to have its destructive power.    The first type of atomic bomb ever used was a gun-type.   In this type two subcritical pieces of U-235 are placed in a device similar to the barrel of an artillery shell.   One piece is placed at one end of the barrel and will remain there at rest.   The other subcritical mass is placed at the other end of the barrel.   A conventional explosive is packed behind the second subcritical mass.   When the fuse is triggered, a conventional explosion causes the second subcritical mass to be propelled at a high velocity into the first subcritical mass.   The resulting combination causes the two subcritical masses to become a supercritical mass.   When this supercritical mass is obtained, a rapid self-sustained chain reaction is caused.   This type of atomic bomb was used on Hiroshima, and given the nickname â€Å"Little Boy† after Franklin D. Roosevelt.    The second type of atomic bomb is an implosion bomb.   In this type a subcritical mass, which is in the shape of a ball, is placed in the center of the weapon.   This subcritical mass is surrounded in a spherical arrangement of conventional explosives.   When the fuse is triggered all of the conventional explosives explode at the same time.    This causes the subcritical mass to be compressed into a smaller volume, thus creating a supercritical mass to be formed.   After this supercritical mass is obtained, a self-sustained chain reaction takes place and causes the atomic explosion.   This type of atomic bomb was used on Nagasaki, and given the nickname â€Å"Fat Man† after Winston Churchill.    The blast from an atomic bomb’s explosion will last for only one-half to one second, but in this amount of time a great deal of damage is done.   A fireball is created by the blast, which consists mainly of dust and gasses.   The dust produced in this fireball has no substantial effect on humans or their environment.   However, as the gasses expand a blast wave is produced.   As this blast wave moves, it creates static overpressure.   This static overpressure then in turn creates dynamic pressure.   The static overpressure has the power to crush buildings.   The dynamic pressure creates winds , which have the power to blow down trees.   The blast pressure and fireball together only last for approximately eleven seconds, but because it contains fifty percent of the atomic bomb’s latent energy a great deal of destruction occurs.    In Hiroshima, the blast from the atomic bomb was measured to be about four and a half to six and seven tenths tons of pressure per square meter, while in Nagasaki the blast was measured to be about six to eight tons of pressure per square meter.   Because of this dramatic change in the pressure most of the cities were destroyed.   The static overpressure in Hiroshima destroyed between sixty-two and ninety thousand buildings, while in Nagasaki all of the buildings within three thousand feet of the center of the blast were completely destroyed.   The static overpressure created a dynamic pressure that had winds up to four hundred miles per hour.   These winds caused minor scratches, lacerations, or compound fractures, which came about when people and glass fragments were projected through the air.   By combining the results of the static overpressure and the dynamic pressure one can begin to see what damage was caused by the atomic bomb’s blast.    The thermal radiation produced by an atomic bomb explosion will account for thirty-five percent of the atomic bomb’s damage.   Thermal radiation can come in one of three forms: ultraviolet radiation, visible radiation, or infrared radiation.   The ultraviolet radiation is absorbed so rapidly by air particles that it has no substantial effect on people.   However, the visible and infrared radiation creates an enormous amount of heat to be produced, approximately ten million degrees Celsius at the hypocenter.   This heat has two main effects.   The first is known as flash burns.   The flash of thermal radiation produces these flash burns right after the explosion.   Flash burns can be either first-degree burns (bad sun burns), secon d-degree burns (blisters, infections, and scars), or third-degree burns (destroyed skin tissue).   The second type is known as flame burns.   These are burns that come from one of two different types of fires, which are created when flammable materials are ignited by the thermal radiation.   The first type is called firestorms.   A firestorm is violent, has raging winds, and has extremely high temperatures; but fortunately it does not spread very rapidly.   The second type is called a conflagration.   A conflagration is when the fire spreads in a front.   The thermal radiation produced by the atomic bomb’s explosion will account for most of the deaths or injuries.    In Hiroshima and Nagasaki the thermal radiation accounted for approximately twenty to thirty percent of the deaths or injuries from the atomic bomb’s explosion.   Those that were at a distance of two and one half miles from the hypocenter received first degree burns.   Those that were a t a distance of two and one quarter miles from the hypocenter received second degree burns.   Those that were at a distance of one half of a mile from the hypocenter received third degree burns.   Ninety-five percent of the burns created from the thermal radiation were by flash burns, and only five percent of the burns were by flame burns.   The reason for this low number of flame burns is that only two to ten percent of the buildings caught on fire.   By combining the damage from both the flash and flame burns one can begin to see the effects that an atomic bomb’s thermal radiation had.   Approximately sixty thousand in Hiroshima, and approximately forty-one thousand people were either killed or injured from the thermal radiation.    The final effect that an atomic bomb caused is the nuclear radiation produced from the fission process.   The nuclear radiation comes in the form of either Gamma rays or Beta particles.   Gamma rays are electromagnetic radiation originating in the atomic nuclei, physically identical to x-rays.   They can enter into living tissue extremely easily.   Beta particles are negatively charged particles, identical to an electron moving at a high velocity.   These forms of nuclear radiation are measured in rads (radiation-absorbed-dose), which is defined as the absorption of five ten millionths joule per gram of absorbing material.   During the initial nuclear radiation mostly Gamma rays are emitted from the fireball.   This period of initial nuclear radiation lasts for approximately one minute.   During the residual nuclear period (fallout) the Beta particles and more of the Gamma rays are emitted.   The residual radiation has two stages: early fallout and delayed fallout.   In early fallout, the heavy and highly radioactive particles fall back to the earth, usually within the first twenty-four hours.   In delayed fallout, the tiny and often invisible particles fall back to the earth, and usually last from a couple of days to several years.   The nuclear radiation from the atomic bomb’s explosion was not the main cause of death, but it did still have serious results.    In Hiroshima, the initial nuclear radiation was spread over a distance of approximately fifty-three hundredths of a kilometer.   In Nagasaki, the initial nuclear radiation only spread one and six thousandths of a kilometer.   The reason why the nuclear radiation was not the main caused of deaths or injuries was that the atomic bomb was detonated so high in the atmosphere; approximately five hundred and seventy meters in Hiroshima, and approximately five hundred and ten meters in Nagasaki.   Even without causing many deaths the nuclear radiation probably caused the most serious effects.   Those with definite proof were those of increased rates of cataracts, leukemia, cancer of the thyroid, cancer of the breast, cancer of the lungs, cancer of the stomach, and mental retardation of babies.   Those that had substantial but not definite proof were those of tumors of the esophagus, tumors of the colon, tumors of the salivary glands, and tumors of the urinary tract organs.   Those that had no definite or substantial proof were those of increased rates of birth mortality, birth defects, infertility, and susceptibility towards illnesses. Plagiarism Detection > Plagiarism Detection >The blast, the thermal radiation, or the nuclear radiation from an atomic bomb explosion will have severe effects on both humans and on the environment in which they live in.   The only two cities that have ever experienced having an atomic bomb being exploded on them were the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki during World War II.   In Hiroshima, the casualties have been estimated between seventy-five and eighty thousand. In Nagasaki, the total number killed was estimated at more that thirty-five thousand.   The total number severely injured was even greater than forty thousand.In the 50 years since the first atomic explosion, the promises and perils of nuclear science have touched nearly every aspect of our culture and politics.   The scientific development surrounding the A-bomb has been a pivotal point in the worlds history, launching us into the Atomic Age.   We came close to nuclear inhalation during the cold war, but its benefits have been much greater.   We have turned nuclear power into a reliable source of energy, and it has provided us with many technological advances.   In the future we can look forward to using the technology discovered during the Manhattan Project to create even better sources of energy.   We are only at the beginning of the Atomic Age, and there are endless possibilities for the future.